Russian special forces: the path from Tatar mercenaries to legendary warriors
Special Forces are the pride and strength of the army.Any tasks that are particularly complex are within the power of special forces.Almost every young man dreams of getting into such units.However, few people know that special forces appeared in Russia during the reign of Ivan III.
The first special forces in Russia were mercenary warriors from among the Tatars, distinguished by their cruelty towards the enemy.Having sworn allegiance to the Moscow governor, the Kasimov Tatars defeated the troops of the Novgorod governors.In fact, it was ordinary cavalry, but, unlike regular troops, its members were allowed a little more.
In the 16th century, Scottish units gained popularity in Russia, which were hired by the kings to fight the raging Tatars.At that time, Russian soldiers were everywhere armed with bows, sabers and other weapons to physically eliminate the enemy.But the Scots already had, albeit primitive, guns.Scottish special forces racing on horses scared the Tatars to death with the roar of shots.
At the beginning of the 18th century, a new type of elite special forces appeared in Russia - the Flying Detachments, headed by A. D. Menshikov.This special forces consisted of infantry, artillery and cavalry.Due to the fact that all the soldiers in the unit had horses, they moved with truly lightning speed, which allowed them to unexpectedly attack the enemy.
The first special forces in the understanding familiar to modern people were the scouts.Soldiers of such units were trained to sneak up to the enemy and destroy him.It is known for certain that the first such tactics of warfare in the middle of the 19th century began to be used by the Zaporozhye Cossacks, who even had a Plastunsky kuren.Great hopes were pinned on the plastuns in any battle, since they not only committed sabotage in the enemy camp, but also brought valuable information about the enemy's troops.During the Crimean War, even among the enemies, legends about their ability to merge with the surrounding terrain, invulnerability and phenomenal accuracy were circulating about the scouts.
At the beginning of the 20th century, another prototype of modern special forces was formed - the Wild Division, which consisted of 90% natives of Central Asia and the Caucasus.At the same time, the Punin detachment was also created - a group of three hundred soldiers, which included cavalrymen, demolition men, signalmen and even doctors.If the Wild Division mainly performed tasks of physical destruction of the enemy, then Punintsy specialized in sabotage and reconnaissance, but, if necessary, could perform other complex tasks.
And only at the end of 1950, the GRU Spetsnaz was created - the very unit that gave rise to the formation of such detachments in every military unit and even in law enforcement agencies.There were constant rumors about the GRU special forces, but not every generals and marshals of the USSR knew the truth about this legendary unit, so it was classified.Until now, its members carry out the tasks assigned to them, and are considered the real elite of the modern army.
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